Retry-After header (seconds). Write polite_get(url) that GETs the URL; on 429 it sleeps for int(Retry-After) (defaulting to 1 if absent) and retries once; anything else follows the normal raise-or-return path.polite_get(busy_url)
parsed body after honoring Retry-After once
The client backed off exactly as instructed.
Headers are strings — int() the value.
A small helper loop or straight-line code both work.